Showing posts with label bible. Show all posts
Showing posts with label bible. Show all posts

Saturday, 21 April 2012

Bible Interpretation Fail


The Catholic News Service filed the following story from the Vatican, dated April 20th,  “While the text of the Bible is fixed, the same Holy Spirit that inspired its writing continues to inspire its proclamation and interpretation in the church, Pope Benedict XVI said.  The obvious intent here is that the Church desperately wants to consolidate its loss of power and influence over its flock.  Apparently Benedict believes that Catholics are not interpreting the Bible as is traditionally understood by the Church. This situation is alarming to Pope who seems unable to connect spiritually with the people it serves.    

Most educated and Confirmed Catholic adults, with an informed conscience, will read and interpret the Bible searching for a God who is relevant to their particular situation in life. The sincerity of their efforts will not go without the assistance of the Holy Spirit (which they received at Confirmation) who meets them where they are – not necessarily where others and the Church would have them be.  

The role of the Church is to help us find God in our everyday lives.  This cannot be achieved when the central focus of the Church seems to be based on constant warnings about such things as secularism, pluralism, atheism, and the ‘godless people of Europe’. Where once it taught love and understanding the Church seems preoccupied with the sins of human sexuality. Sensing further dangers the Church has now launched a modern inquisition aimed at the bishops of Ireland and Women Religious in the US.  These matters obscure the real message to be taken from the bible that  Jesus came so that we might live a life to be lived to the full!

When the Church insists that it alone possesses all the ultimate truths in the Bible does it not contradict the words of Jesus when he said “The Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, will teach you everything and make you remember all that I have told you?”  While the text of the Bible is fixed the works of the Holy Spirit continues to inspire the lives of all the faithful, while God’s revelation brings forth new understanding each moment of the day.


 
The Real Inspiration in the Bible

Except for the Bible itself, it took until the second half of the twentieth century for the voices of reform and change to begin to have a wide, public, and legitimate voice. I do not think that is an overstatement. In any swing of the pendulum in the direction of justice, the masses, the bottom, were always considered subversive and traitorous, up until the 1960s! Why not, when even the churches were usually looking down from the top and the Bible had been made into establishment literature—which it clearly is not.

The Bible affirms law, authority, and tradition, as most writings in most of history have done, but then it also does something much more: it strongly affirms reform, change, and the voiceless, starting with the Exodus event itself. This is what makes the Bible a truly revolutionary and inspired book. It affirms the necessity of authority and continuity in a culture (tradition), but against the usual pattern it also affirms the currents of change, reform, the poor, the outsider, and justice for the marginalized groups—starting with the enslaved Jewish people themselves.


The Real Inspiration in the Bible

Except for the Bible itself, it took until the second half of the twentieth century for the voices of reform and change to begin to have a wide, public, and legitimate voice. I do not think that is an overstatement. In any swing of the pendulum in the direction of justice, the masses, the bottom, were always considered subversive and traitorous, up until the 1960s! Why not, when even the churches were usually looking down from the top and the Bible had been made into establishment literature—which it clearly is not.

The Bible affirms law, authority, and tradition, as most writings in most of history have done, but then it also does something much more: it strongly affirms reform, change, and the voiceless, starting with the Exodus event itself. This is what makes the Bible a truly revolutionary and inspired book. It affirms the necessity of authority and continuity in a culture (tradition), but against the usual pattern it also affirms the currents of change, reform, the poor, the outsider, and justice for the marginalized groups—starting with the enslaved Jewish people themselves.
The Biblical bias toward the bottom has been called by some “the preferential option for the poor.” But it is an option, an invitation: it is a grace, and it emerges from inner freedom—or else it would not be from God. In the last analysis, the Bible is biased; it takes the side of the rejected ones, the abandoned ones, the barren women, and the ones who have been excluded, tortured, and kept outside. This is all summed up in Jesus’ own ministry: He clearly prefers, heals, and includes the foreigner, the non-Jew, the handicapped, and the sinner—without rejecting the people of power, but very clearly critiquing them.
Richard Rohr, Adapted from A Lever and a Place to Stand:
The Contemplative Stance, the Active Prayer
(CD)






   
 

Tuesday, 25 January 2011

Reading the Bible without Starting a War


Want to initiate a religious war? Start a Bible study group without the very necessary examination and explanation of what the bible is and what it is not. For example - were the Hebrew Scriptures transmitted directly by God to a group of inspirited scribes? If not, how did it come to be? Was the New Testament handed down orally by the disciples to a select group of scribes after the death of Jesus? Again, if not ask what, when, where, and finally who wrote it - and to whom it was directed. Christians are often introduced to the bible as though it were a history book to be read in a precise order from Genesis to Revelation. Approaching the bible in this manner will inevitably lead to an early disappointment and a complete disinterest by the time you reach the books of Leviticus and Numbers. After all just how important is the Law of Offerings and Sacrifices, or the first census of Israel to our spiritual growth at this time of our spiritual exploration? For the novice I have always recommended a simpler and less detailed version of the bible, such as can be found in a children’s edition – these can give us the essence we need to progress in our search for deeper meanings later on. A ‘Complete Idiot’s’ or a ‘Dummies’ guide can be very helpful at all times. As Christians we need to understand the relationship between the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament.


What else should the reader know? To begin with learn why Catholics include 46 books in the Old Testament, and Protestants have 39. Both groups accept 27 books for the New Testament. Hint: know there is nothing sinister or secret about the difference as some people want to believe.
And then there are the writings or “unofficial scriptures” or sacred text that was not incorporated in the Jewish and Christian Bibles.  Remarkably some of these texts are referenced within the accepted version of our present day bibles.   Although excluded from the Christian canon many of these writings were well known to the early Christian community - particularly in the form of art.  Scenes and stories from these writings were portrayed throughout history and may also have been well known to many believers.  According to distinguished Professor J.R. Porter, and author of ‘The Lost Bible – Forgotten Scriptures Revealed’ concludes “it is not really possible to draw a sharp distinction between the non-canonical works on the one hand and the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament on the other.  From the little I have gleaned from these books there is little to cause us to view the present bible in a different light when read with proper discernment.        
How we interpret  the bible is very much influenced by the style or literary devices (figures of speech) used by its various known and unknown authors. The use of metaphors, similes, euphemisms, paradoxes’, symbolism's, etc., etc. are generously sprinkled throughout each book. A perfect example of how these devises can influence our interpretation can be found in the last book of the Bible – or the Book of Revelation Some will see the symbols as depicting the clash between good and evil. Others will interpret the events as described in Revelation as something that has already taken place. While still others, especially fundamentalist (literalists), read the book as a speculative prophecy, literally portraying the apocalyptic end of time in which the glorified Christ will come to earth and usher in Judgment Day.
Some people are surprised to learn that large parts of Scripture were not written down immediately. Stories about the meaning of life were passed on orally for centuries. Imagine sitting around an open fire with our forefathers explaining the origins of humankind. It is important to note that oral tradition did not end with the invention of the written word. The earliest Hebrew Scriptures such as the psalms, for example, were not officially recorded until some five hundred years BCE for a very good reason. Karen Armstrong in her book 'The Bible - A Biography' (2007),  notes, from the very beginning; people feared that a written scripture encouraged inflexibility and unrealistic, strident certainty. The early Christians expecting Jesus to return during their lifetime saw no need to record their stories. Luckily for us the authors of the four gospels eventually recorded the story of Jesus albeit decades after the actual event.

An exclusive literal interpretation of the bible, according to experts such as Karen Armstrong, is a recent development. Until the nineteenth century, very few people imagined that the first chapter if Genesis was a factual account of the origins of life. For centuries, Jews and Christians relished highly allegorical and inventive exegesis, insisting that a wholly literal reading of the Bible was neither possible not desirable. Even so for some, the bible continues to be interpreted quite literally. For many others it is read contextually and interpretively. There are many contradictions in the bible, not the least of which caused people to believe that the earth was the centre of the universe. This problem was not rectified until the seventeenth century thanks to the efforts of Galileo. But not before he was condemned by the Roman Catholic authorities and forced to live in house arrest until his death. For those who want to approach the bible from a literalist point of view I suggest they read the anonymous and humorous Letter to Dr. Laura Schlesinger contained in my previous blog ‘On the Bible’. At the same time you might also benefit from the earlier blog ‘On Interpreting the Bible’.
Lastly, I want to share two secrets that will help anyone interested in learning the meaning behind its most difficult passages. Karen Armstrong tells us that serious biblical authorities have always insisted that charity must be the guiding principle – any interpretation that spread hatred or disdain was considered illegitimate. And most importantly– ask God to guide you with his gift of discernment – read it with the heart not the head.

UPDATE:  Jan. 26/2011
Consider the following:      It has been said that if the bible were the actual word of God there would be only one book with all the supreme truths as revealed by him to ALL people   -  illiminating all disagreement, argument,  and  religious wars.  Yes, all scripture contains some truths, but the ultimate truth is contained in your heart – and nowhere else.












Friday, 24 April 2009

On Interpreting the Bible





CNS NEWS BRIEFS

Catholic News Service, Apr-24-2009

Pope says Scripture must be interpreted within church community

VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- The interpretation of sacred Scripture cannot be subjective, but must be interpreted within the church community, said Pope Benedict XVI. "Only within the ecclesial context can sacred Scripture be understood as the authentic word of God that acts as guide, norm and rule for the life of the church and the spiritual growth of the faithful," he said. "This entails rejecting every interpretation that is subjective or simply limited to a mere analysis (and therefore) incapable of being open to the overall meaning that has guided the tradition of the entire people of God over the course of centuries," he said in an address to members of the Pontifical Biblical Commission April 23. The commission of biblical scholars is an advisory body to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and its president is U.S. Cardinal William J. Levada, prefect of the congregation. During their meeting April 20-24, commission members concentrated on the theme "Inspiration and Truth in the Bible."


Roman Catholic communities may therefore correctly assume that effective immediately they will be required to observe the following revised regulations regarding all Sacred Scripture:


a) only members of the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith are able to recognize the authentic word of God.


b) all other Catholics should immediately refrain from reading the Bible as they are likely to interpret the text subjectively.


c) all readings of the Bible by Catholics conducted at home, church, schools and any other Catholic venues must be avoided since listeners do not possess or have access to the Holy Spirit and could easily be misled.


d) all Catholics failing to observe these conditions will be denied full communion and may be subject to excommunication. Failing that members may be burned at the stake.


e) Catholics may return their Bibles at their nearest parish or recognized Catholic bookstore. All requests for refunds must be filed directly with the Vatican office in Rome.


In conclusion all Catholics are requested to contact the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith at the Vatican, during regular business hours, before expressing any official opinion or interpretation of any text publically or privately.




Readers will realize that the last part of this article, immediately following the italic script, is of course fictitious and was written ‘tongue in cheek’. However, I ask that you search for the hidden truths behind it. God does not hide his face from us, his Spirit will never abandon our hearts, however deep it may be buried. For Jesus said whosever calls on me will know the Father. The gift of Sacred Scripture is that it is already written on everyone’s heart. Look not for it with your head.



Tuesday, 10 March 2009

On the Bible


We often read the Bible as though it were a fixed definition of God. Nothing could be further from the truth. The Bible is the story of people’s experience of God through the ages. It is the story of God’s response to our individual needs.


As we read the Bible with open hearts and minds we will discover that the Word therein is alive and directed at our lives as it was for all those who heard it before us. When we read it carefully we will discover that Abraham’s story is also our story. So too are the stories of Sarah, Joseph, Moses, Ruth, Isaac and so forth. Each character has a unique experience of God which in turn has a profound effect on their lives and on those who cross their paths. When we choose to dialogue with God through his Word we too will experience his unique presence in our lives and recognize him immediately in others, past and present.


If we choose to live our lives without this personal relationship we will only ‘experience’ his influence from the point of view of others. More importantly, we will fail to grasp his great unconditional love for us. When we read the Bible as a historical novel and ‘study’ it without entering into the hearts and minds of the people involved (which is really you) it will dry up and no longer serve our lives. As a consequence God will often appear impersonal, indifferent, and at times extremely harsh and judgmental.

A new relationship needs to be established. A new vision is required. The Bible is a rich treasure field, spanning time and creation, for those seeking friendship, peace, joy and healing. Each story is unique. Each Biblical character is a diamond in the rough until it is polished with your heart and mind. When we experience the Bible in this way and recognize his loving presence in his ongoing creation we will discover that still another and most beautiful chapter to the Bible is yet to be written – and that is the story of your life!


In the meantime, one ideal way to help us read the Bible more interpretively would be to discern its intent with the help or guidance of the Spirit. Another, helpful way, would be to reflect on the following anonymous article published by the Catholic New Times some time ago entitled:‘Dear Dr, Laura.


(Laura Schlesinger is an open line "ex­pert" in the U.S. The most widely heard talk show host in the country and armed with a degree in physiology, she has consistently demonized homo­sexual people, calling them "biological errors" and "sexual deviants .'For years Schlesinger credited her strict Jewish background as the basis for her harsh stands. She always quoted the Hebrew Bible as the basis of her anti-homosexual stands. Recently she shocked her listeners by openly breaking with her ultra-orthodox religion. The following letter to the good doctor pokes fun at her fundamentalist stance.)

Dear Dr. Laura:

Thank you for doing so much to educate people regarding God's Law. I have learned a great deal from your show and try to share that knowledge with as many people as I can. When someone tries to defend the homosexual lifestyle, for exam­ple, I simply remind them that Leviticus 18:22 clearly states it to be an abomination. ... End of debate. I do need some advice from you, however, regarding some other elements of God's Law and how to follow them:

  1. When I burn a bull on the altar as a sacrifice, I know it creates a pleasing odour for the Lord — Lev. 1:9. The problem is my neighbours. They claim the odour is not pleasing to them. Should I smite them?
  2. I would like to sell my daughter into slavery, as sanctioned in Exodus 21:7. In this day and age, what do you think would be a fair price for her?

  1. I know that I am allowed no contact with a woman while she is in her period of menstrual undeanliness — Lev. 15: 19-24. The problem is, how do I tell? I have tried asking, but most women take offence.
  2. Lev. 25:44 states that I may indeed possess slaves, both" male and fe­male, provided they are purchased from neighbouring nations. A friend of mine claims that this applies;to Mexicans, but not Canadians. Can you clarify? Why can't I own Cana­dians?
  3. I have a neighbour who insists on working on the Sabbath. Exodus 35:2. The passage clearly states he should be put to death. Am I morally obligated to kill him myself?
  4. A friend of mine feels that even though eating shellfish is an abomi­nation — Lev. 11:10. it is a lesser abomination than homosexuality. I don't agree. Can you settle this? Are there 'degrees' of abomination?

  1. Lev. 21:20 states that I may not approach the altar of God if I have a defect in my sight. I have to admit that I wear reading glasses. Does my vision have to be 20/20, or is there some wiggle room here?

  1. Most of my male friends get their hair trimmed, including the hair around their temples, even though this is expressly forbidden by Zev. J 27. How should thev die?

  1. I know from Lev. 11:6-8 that touching the skin of a dead pig makes me unclean, but may I still play football if I wear gloves?

  1. My uncle has a farm. He violates Lev.19:19 by planting two different crops in the same field, as does his wife by wearing garments made of " two different kinds of thread (cotton/polyester blend). He also tends to curse and blaspheme a lot. Is it really necessary that we go to all the trouble of getting the whole town together to stone them? — Lev. 24:10-16. Couldn't we just burn them to death at a private familv affair like we do with people who sleep with their in-laws? (Lev. 20:14)

I know you have studied these things extensively and thus enjoy considerable expertise in such matters, so I am confident you can help. Thank you again for remind­ing us that God's word is eternal and unchanging.

Your adoring fan, Jim