Showing posts with label repentance. Show all posts
Showing posts with label repentance. Show all posts

Sunday, 16 February 2014

FACING OUR GREATEST FEAR

Recently a local member of the clergy announced that Catholics must consider themselves lucky to be able to enjoy the sacrament of reconciliation because they can come directly to a local priest. Protestants, he was quoted as saying, have to deal with their sins directly with Jesus.

Attendants were left somewhat confused behind the implications of this statement. What exactly did this unfortunate priest mean by that? A possible answer eluded me until I shared a few unconnected paragraphs from a book I recently purchased. The book is the classic comic novel 'Clochemerle' by French author Gabriel Chevallier. It was first published in 1936 and describes the efforts of the local mayor to introduce a public urinal, to his lasting memory, in the village from where the book got its title. The author begins with a wonderful introduction to the local characters in the village, sparing little detail about their amorous adventures.

The local curé is innocently drawn into these adventures through his sacred education derived from the amorous but repentant villagers. Unable to resist his aroused feelings he develops a passionate relationship with his housemaid. Filled with remorse and guilt he decides to seek forgiveness by confessing his sin to a neighbouring priest within a bicycle distance from his parish. The tables are quickly turned as his confession leads to the discovery that this priest too is involved in a similar indiscretion. They quickly agree to absolve each other and conduct regular reciprocal visits in the future to justify and carry-on with these amorous but illicit adventures.

This fictitious account probably raised many an eyebrow, among its Catholic readers at the time, when the book was first published in 1936. It may even have been on the list of 'forbidden books' for a time. But can we perhaps draw some parallels from these two separate stories? Is the Sacrament of Reconciliation merely a ritual used to deflect our feelings of guilt and shame? Or is it intended to cause us to wrestle with our false self so that we might grow into our True Self? If so, is the celebrant of Sacrament of Reconciliation experienced enough to challenge us to dig deeper and further? Surely, it must include a means that would encourage us to deal with our failings or shortcomings beyond a simple recitation of a few repetitive Hail Mary's? How willing am I to confront my dark-side? What sins am I not facing that need Christ's healing? How can I expect transformation without first naming my hidden sins? Scripture tells us that there is one sin against the Holy Spirit that cannot be forgiven – and that is the darkness that resides in each one of us that we are afraid to confront!

The priest in the beginning of this story may well have meant that we are probably more comfortable facing a member of the clergy than Jesus. After all, for many of us there still remains a hidden fear of a judgemental God who keeps a record of all our wrongs.


Saturday, 21 January 2012

Wearing religion on our sleeve.

At the time when Jesus started on his ministry and surrounded himself with twelve disciples (and some of their wifes)  it was unlikely they wore any kind of identifiable clothes or material that would have said ‘we belong to a very special kind of religious sect’.  Imagine no mitres, no chasuble, alb, stole, rings, croizier, just simple everyday clothes.  What made Jesus and his disciples truly distinguishable was what they did for the poor, the indigent , sick and infirm.  Only then did Jesus speak of the 'good news' often in the practised form of parables.  What most of us Christians and certainly the religious leaders of his time often missed or grasped is that these parables were usually expressed in upside down and contradictory terms against a  world of strict and accepted cultural, moral and religious values.  If anyone wanted to become his followers the ‘upside down’ kingdom values were the only way.  The narrow gate, eye of the needle represented the love and compassion necessary to bring kingdom values into practise. Jesus never wrote anything down, or dictated any rules or instructed anyone that what he did or spoke of should be formed into strict dogma or doctrine.   At the same time Jesus certainly never suggested that his listeners should become Jewish or insisted that they attend the synagogue at least once a week.  Instead, compassion and Love were to be practised everyday. Jesus associated as easily with despised tax collectors, as he did with prostitutes or women and men who did not even belong to his Jewish community. He was 100 percent inclusive and frequenly challenged the norms .  Jesus and his disciples healed the sick, cured the blind, forgave the sinner and promised listeners that they should pick up their cross and live a life to be lived to the full.










To live such a joy filled life all that was required is ‘repentance’ from the original Greek word metanoia meaning a 'change of mind and heart'.  And for most of us this can be a totally up-side down experience especially when dealing with difficult situations and people.  All you need we are told is a total trust in God  with his added proviso that his Holy Spirit will  then act as our guide, and teach us all we need to know to become true believers in this new way of life.  In so doing miracles will become an everyday event, even to the point of seeing people being raised from the dead. 










You would have thought that most of us would have jumped to the chance to give up our pain and suffering, but not so.  The ego quickly came to our rescue by immediately spreading  doubt that anything could be that easy.  And soon Jesus message seemed far too difficult and demanding for most of us   After listening to him talk about the laborers in the vineyard who all received the same amount of pay regardless of the number of hours they put in – we quickly figured this model was never going to become popular or fair.   What about giving up our hard earned and respected social position in life and sitting at the lowest end of the table?  No that wasn’t something most of us are ready to accept.  We worked to hard for that.  That guy Jesus and his disciples who looked like beggars were probably crazy and should be quickly chased out of town.










Today Jesus’ promise remains as true as ever,  yet few of us are willing to trust him so completely that we prefer to play it safe by putting our primary trust in worldly institutions instead.  Here the wages are scaled according to our performance while highly trained doctors and nurses will take care of our health.  As for concerns for the poor, sick and indigent, well various government organizations will take care of most of them. By the way political rules also help us to avoid any need for direct contact with the less fortunate. And, those who call themselves ‘street people’ probably prefer to live that way anyway. 










As for the worldly institutions even the religious ones have taken up the accepted social structure first introduced by the Roman Emperor Constantine.  Roman Catholic clergy today still follow a strict code or regimen with regard its political structure, dress and hierarchy,  which is based on Constantine’s military background. Up until the time of Constantine Christians were under constant threat of being persecuted in the most violent of ways by various Roman rulers.  After that the roles were reversed and the Christians became the persecutors.  History is filled with many dark periods of religious persecution. I  will spare readers the horrific details.  However while persecution may be less obvious today a lot of fervent and very militant Christians have trouble being compassionate with people living on the margins of life, particularly those with life styles other than prescribed by the their religious leaders. Calls for compassion are quickly dismissed in the most negative terms or un-Christian ways.  By denying any responsibility for such damaging teachings they  quickly deny them   by calling it ‘bashing  of the faith’! (their faith I guess)
"Religious symbols are contentious when displayed in the public sphere. They are seen as territorial marking, like a soldier planting a flag or a dog lifting its leg. So naturally the symbol of the Red Cross was rejected by Muslim countries, which adopted the Red Crescent, instead. But neither cross nor crescent was acceptable to Israel, which wanted a Red Star of David. However, that was rejected by the Muslims as symbolising Zionism. Finally they all settled on the Red Crystal, a secular symbol that includes everyone".  Source: Concordat Watch.


Today we hear that Christians are targets when they enter countries where they are considered a minority.  Is that because we walk around with crosses on chest, bibles under our arms and erect large crosses on mountain tops?   Christian or ‘followers of the way’ would have little to fear if we practised what Jesus told us to do with compassion for all strangers.         Most if not all the worlds religions accept the Golden Rule ‘do unto others as you would them have  unto you’.  So I’ll end with this crazy thought what if all religions stopped wearing their religion on their sleeves and practised indiscriminate compassion might it result in less violence (after all how would you recognize the competition?)  and how would we know who to reject?  

But now I will come to the real point of this brief essay and again ask the question ‘is it necessary to wear our religion on our sleeve?’ Or more pointedly does Christianity depend on what we wear, what denomination we attend, what version of the Bible we read, or who is in and who is out in our community, what prayers we need to recite and ritual we must perform, what we must believe, and most importantly for some 'who will go to heaven or hell'? Do we really need to fear or distrust other religions, athiest or agnostics, and gays? Do we trust the institution, ourselves or God, to save us in the end? Or is there something far more wonderfully positive beyond our limited understanding of God and his unconditional love, from what we have been taught thus far?





Readers may be interested to read noted author and religious historian Karen Armstrong's latest book 'Twelve Steps to a Compassionate Life', (2010).  What was especially significant for me was her chapter on "Compassion for Yourself'  highlighting the point that we really cannot love others until we learn to love ourself. 

Wednesday, 27 April 2011

Mortal or Venial Sin?

It seems appropriate right after Easter to talk little about Pontius Pilate who played a central role in the events surrounding the trial and crucifixion of Jesus.  Surprisingly (to me) this is not the first time we hear about Pilate.  Witness the following account from Luke during the ministry of Jesus:
 At that very time there were some present who told [Jesus] about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices. He asked them, “Do you think that because these Galileans suffered in this way they were worse sinners than all other Galileans? No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all perish as they did. Or those eighteen who were killed when the tower of Siloam fell on them—do you think that they were worse offenders than all the others living in Jerusalem? No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all perish just as they did.” Luke 13:1-5
This parable is clearly intended to bring us to repentance.   The word translated as 'repentance' is the Greek word (metanoia), "after/behind one's mind", or in other words to help us ‘change our mind’ about our sinful actions. For many years this parable stuck in my mind because Jesus’ response to his listeners clearly avoids a hierarchy of sins.  This led me to question ‘why does the Church insist on categorizing sins such as venial and mortal sins?’  The Ten Commandments already provides Christians with a list or specific sins to be avoided. And, if you are a Orthodox Jew the Bible additionally provides a nearly exhaustive list of 613 laws or precepts to be rigorously observed.      Other lists of sins are found in the writings of the prophets. In the New Testament we find similar lists of sins. In his first epistle to the Corinthians, Paul lists those who will not inherit the Kingdom of God: ". . . people of immoral lives, idolaters, adulterers, catamites, sodomites, thieves, usurers, drunkards, slanderers and swin­dlers . . ,"  Note:  our sins will indeed keep us from the Kingdom of God until we seek repentance.  I recall a priest at a retreat reminding us that most of us are frequently ‘in and out’ of the Kingdom in a single day’. [1]

Regarding the question why did the Church create a hierarchy of sins; especially in light of Jesus’ avoidance of the same?  Noted Catholic historian Professor Thomas Bokenkotter speaking in 1992 provides the following important background and theological progress on this exact question:     
  One of the concerns regarding sins has always been their degree of seriousness. For Catholics, this concern was intensified by the mandate of the Council of Trent that all mortal sins be confessed in detail. This resulted in an unhealthy preoccupation with trying to define accurately and even quantitatively the boundary between mortal and venial sin. Such a preoccupation was certainly foreign to the spirit of the Bible, which spoke of sin not in terms of mortal and venial, but of fundamental option or conversion.
But under the influence of legalism and the rigorism associated espe­cially with the Jansenists and also the advent of the exact sciences with their obsession with measurement, Catholic moralists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries often emphasized the quantitative and objective aspects of sin. The classic example of this kind of thinking is found in the Catholic theologians who taught that the theft of one to five ears of grain from a rich man's harvest was no sin; theft of from six to ten ears was a venial sin, while any amount beyond that constituted a mortal sin.  Older Catholics today will recall how extreme this tendency could become in the pre-Vatican II Church. A venial sin, for instance, was committed by vol­untarily missing the first part or last part of the Mass (before the Gospel or after the Communion), but to miss both of these parts or the Consecra­tion alone would be mortal. In matters sexual, this led to a dissecting of the human anatomy as to which parts, if touched, provided zones of mortal and venial sin, etc. Many Catholics brought up in this system still suffer from scrupulosity, being frequently tormented with doubts about whether a particular action or even thought was a mortal sin or not.
The quantitative and objective approach to mortal sin has largely been abandoned by Catholic theologians today, who prefer to think of mortal sin in terms of what they call the fundamental option.”

 "Fundamental option" refers to a theory of morals according to which each person gradually develops (their conscience) in a basic orientation of his or her life, either for or against God.  This orientation is directed by a person’s actions. John Paul II is quoted as saying “Scripture sees the fundamental option as a genuine choice of freedom and links that choice profoundly to particular acts. By his fundamental choice, man is capable of giving his life direction and of progressing, with the help of grace, towards his end, following God’s call (no. 67).

While Bokenkotter states that Catholic theologians may have abandoned the quantitative and objective approach he was speaking more than twenty years ago and today 2011 the Church under Pope Benedict XVI wants to return to a more rigorous style of defining and interpreting sins. 

It would seem to this blogger that a healthier approach to understanding and dealing with our sins would be to seek council available 24/7 directly from our advocate the Holy Spirit. It is He who will reveal our sins before we even approach the Sacrament of Reconciliation.  The Jesuits have been teaching this method for centuries under the name ‘Examination of Conscience’.


[1] Thomas Bokenkotter, Dynamic Catholicism – A Historical Catechism, 1992